EXPERIMENT NO. - 02 :- Demonstration of First Aid Practice & Artificial Respiration Techniques

1. Aim of the Experiment

• To demonstrate and perform essential first aid practices for electrical shocks, burns, cuts, and workplace injuries.
• To learn, demonstrate, and practice standard methods of artificial respiration (Mouth-to-Mouth, Schafer's, and Holger-Nielsen methods).
• To perform CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) in emergency scenarios.

2. Tools & Equipment Required

S.No.	Item / Equipment	Specification / Application
1	Standard First Aid Kit	Containing sterile cotton, bandages, antiseptic solution (Betadine/Dettol), burn ointment (Burnol), scissors, tweezers, adhesive tape.
2	CPR Training Mannequin	Full-body or torso simulator for artificial airway and chest compression practice.
3	Insulating Rubber Mat & Wooden Rod	For safely disconnecting a victim from live electrical contact.
4	Sanitary Barrier Masks	For hygienic mouth-to-mouth resuscitation practice.

CRITICAL SAFETY RULE FOR ELECTRIC SHOCK:

DO NOT DIRECTLY TOUCH THE VICTIM while they are still in contact with an active electric circuit! Immediately turn OFF the main switch/MCB or use a non-conductive object (dry wooden stick, rubber mat, leather belt) to separate the victim from the live wire.

3. Emergency Response Workflow

Figure 1: Standard Emergency Action Sequence for Electrical Accidents

4. Methods of Artificial Respiration

 

Method A: Mouth-to-Mouth Respiration Procedure

Figure 2: Mouth-to-Mouth Respiration Step-by-Step Technique

Step	Procedure Action
Step 1	Clear Airway: Lay the victim on their back. Clean their mouth of any foreign matter, denture, or saliva. Tilt the head backward and lift the chin upward.
Step 2	Pinch & Seal: Pinch the victim's nostrils closed with your thumb and forefinger. Place your mouth tightly over the victim's mouth forming an airtight seal.
Step 3	Inflation: Blow steadily into the victim's mouth for 1 to 1.5 seconds until you see their chest rise.
Step 4	Exhalation: Remove your mouth and allow the chest to deflate naturally. Repeat this process at a rate of 10 to 12 breaths per minute until normal breathing resumes.

Method B: Schafer's Prone Pressure Method

• Position: Lay victim face down (prone position) with head turned to one side and arms extended forward.
• Action: Kneel straddling the victim's thighs. Place hands on the small of their back. Lean forward for 2-3 seconds to compress the lungs and force air out. Release pressure for 2-3 seconds to allow air intake. Repeat 12 to 15 times per minute.

Method C: Holger-Nielsen Method (Back-Arm Lift)

• Position: Lay victim face down with forehead resting on crossed hands.
• Action: Apply firm pressure to the shoulder blades to exhale, then grasp the victim's elbows and lift upper arms upward to expand the chest for inhalation.

5. Trainee Practical Evaluation Checklist

ID	Performance Task Demonstration	Assessment Status
T-01	Safe disconnection of victim from live AC mains supply	[   ] Satisfactory    [   ] Re-test
T-02	Airway clearing and chin-lift technique	[   ] Satisfactory    [   ] Re-test
T-03	Mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration on mannequin	[   ] Satisfactory    [   ] Re-test
T-04	Execution of Schafer's prone pressure rhythm	[   ] Satisfactory    [   ] Re-test

Instructor Feedback & Conclusion

The practical demonstration for first aid safety standards and artificial respiration techniques was performed successfully under standard laboratory supervision.