Programming Language In Computer
A Programming language is the language through which user can communicate with the computer by writing program instructions. Every computer programming language contains a setof predefined words and a set of rules (syntax) that are used to create instructions of a program. The Computer programming languages are classified as –
- Low Level Language
- Middle Level Language
- High Level Language
Low Level Language
Low level language is also known as Machine Language. Machine language is also known as Machine code. Binary language is an example of low level language. The binary language contains only two symbols 1 and 0. All the instructions of binary language are written in the form of binary numbers 1’s and 0’s. A computer can directly understand the binary language. Low Level language is as the First generation language.
Advantages
- A computer can easily understand the low level language.
- Low level language instructions are executed directly without any translation.
- Low level language instructions require very less time for their execution.
- Low level language instructions are very difficult to use and understand.
- Low level language instructions are machine dependent, that means a program written for a particular machine does not executes on other machine.
- In low level language, there is very difficult to find errors, debug and modify.
Middle
Level Language
Middle level language is also known as Assembly language or Symbolic language. Assembly language is an example of Middle level language. In Assembly language, the instructions are created using symbols such as letters, digits and special characters. In assembly language, we use predefined words called mnemonics. A program written is an assembly language using mnemonics called assembly language program or symbolic program. The process of translating an assembly language program into its equivalent machine language program with the use of an assembler. Assembler is used to translate middle level language to low level language.
Advantages
- In middle level language, writing instructions is easier.
- Middle level language is more reliable.
- Middle level language is easy to understand, find error and modify.
Disadvantages
- Middle level language is machine dependent.
- Middle level language needs to be translated into low level language.
- Middle level language executes slower compared to low level language.
High
Level Language
High level can be easily understood by the users. It is very similar to the human language and has a set of grammar rules that are used to make instructions more easily. Every high level language has a set of predefined words known as keywords and a set of rules known as syntax. High level language is a programming language. Languages like COBOL, BASIC, FORTRAN, C,C++, JAVA etc. All these programming languages are to write program instructions. These instructions are converted to low level language by the complier or interpreter.
Advantages
- Writing instructions in high level language is easier.
- High level language is readable and understandable.
- High level language program can runs on different machines without any modification.
- It is easy to understand, create programs, find errors and modify.
Disadvantages
- High level language instructions need to be translated to low level language by using compiler or
- interpreter.
- Slower in execution as compared to low level and middle level language.
- Lack of flexibility.
- Lower efficiency.
