Experiment - 67 :- Installation and Configuration of TCP/IP Protocol

Installation and Configuration of TCP/IP Protocol

Objectives

1. To install and configure the TCP/IP protocol on a Windows and a Linux machine.
2. To understand how to set static and dynamic IP addresses.
3. To verify network connectivity using various commands.

Materials Needed

• Two computers (one running Windows and one running Linux)
• Network switch or router
• Ethernet cables
• Access to administrative privileges on both systems
• Basic knowledge of command-line interface (CLI) for Linux

Procedure

Part 1: Configuration on Windows

1. Open Network Connections:

   • Press Windows + R, type ncpa.cpl, and press Enter.

2. Select Network Adapter:

   • Right-click on the active network adapter (e.g., Ethernet or Wi-Fi) and select Properties.

3. Install TCP/IP Protocol:

   • Ensure that Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) is listed. If not, click Install, select Protocol, and add it.

4. Configure TCP/IP Settings:

   • Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) and click Properties.
   • Choose to either obtain an IP address automatically (for DHCP) or use the following settings for a static IP:
     • IP Address: 192.168.1.10
     • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
     • Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1
     • Preferred DNS Server: 8.8.8.8
   • Click OK to save the settings.

5. Verify Configuration:

   • Open Command Prompt and type ipconfig.
   • Check that the IP address, subnet mask, and gateway are correctly configured.

Part 2: Configuration on Linux

1. Open Terminal:

   • Access the terminal on your Linux machine.

2. Check Current Network Interfaces:

   • Run the command:

     bash
     1ip addr

   • Identify the network interface (e.g., eth0, wlan0).

3. Configure TCP/IP Settings:

   • For Debian/Ubuntu:

     • Edit the network interfaces file:

       bash
       1sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

     • Add the following lines for static IP configuration:

       plaintext
       1auto eth0
       2iface eth0 inet static
       3    address 192.168.1.20
       4    netmask 255.255.255.0
       5    gateway 192.168.1.1
       6    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

     • Save and exit (Ctrl + X, then Y, then Enter).

   • For Red Hat/CentOS:

     • Edit the interface configuration file:

       bash
       1sudo nano /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

     • Modify or add the following lines for static IP:

       plaintext
       1DEVICE=eth0
       2BOOTPROTO=none
       3ONBOOT=yes
       4IPADDR=192.168.1.20
       5NETMASK=255.255.255.0
       6GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
       7DNS1=8.8.8.8
       8DNS2=8.8.4.4

     • Save and exit.

4. Restart Networking Service:

   • For Debian/Ubuntu:

     bash
     1sudo systemctl restart networking

   • For Red Hat/CentOS:

     bash
     1sudo systemctl restart network

5. Verify Configuration:

   • Run the command:

     bash
     1ip addr

   • Check that the IP address, subnet mask, and gateway are correctly configured.

Part 3: Testing Connectivity

1. Ping Test:

   • From the Windows machine, open Command Prompt and type:

     bash
     1ping 192.168.1.20

   • From the Linux machine, open the terminal and type:

     bash
     1ping 192.168.1.10

   • Verify that you receive replies from the other machine.

2. Check DNS Resolution:

   • On both machines, test DNS resolution by pinging a public domain:

     bash
     1ping google.com

Expected Outcomes

• Both machines should have their TCP/IP settings configured correctly.
• The Windows machine should be able to ping the Linux machine and vice versa.
• DNS resolution should