Digital Electronics

1. What is the fundamental unit of digital electronics?

   1. a) Transistor
   2. b) Flip-Flop
   3. c) Logic Gate
   4. d) Diode

2. Which logic gate produces an output that is the inverse of the input?

   1. a) AND
   2. b) OR
   3. c) NOT
   4. d) XOR

3. How many NAND gates are required to create a 2-input XOR gate?

   1. a) 1
   2. b) 2
   3. c) 3
   4. d) 4

4. Which type of flip-flop has two inputs and one output?

   1. a) D Flip-Flop
   2. b) T Flip-Flop
   3. c) JK Flip-Flop
   4. d) SR Flip-Flop

5. What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 10?

   1. a) 1010
   2. b) 1110
   3. c) 1001
   4. d) 1100

6. What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the binary number 1101?

   1. a) D
   2. b) B
   3. c) A
   4. d) C

7. Which component is used to store a single binary digit?

   1. a) Transistor
   2. b) Flip-Flop
   3. c) Register
   4. d) Capacitor

8. What is the basic building block of a digital circuit?

   1. a) AND gate
   2. b) OR gate
   3. c) Flip-Flop
   4. d) Transistor

9. In which logic gate is the output true only when all inputs are true?

   1. a) AND
   2. b) OR
   3. c) NOT
   4. d) XOR

10. Which logic gate has the same output as an OR gate followed by a NOT gate?

    1. a) NAND
    2. b) XOR
    3. c) NOR
    4. d) XNOR

11. How many bits are in a byte?

    1. a) 4
    2. b) 8
    3. c) 16
    4. d) 32

12. Which type of logic gate is represented by the following truth table?

    
    A  B  |  Y
    ------|---
    0  0  |  1
    0  1  |  0
    1  0  |  0
    1  1  |  1
    

    1. a) AND
    2. b) OR
    3. c) NAND
    4. d) XOR

13. What is the output of an AND gate if both inputs are 1?

    1. a) 0
    2. b) 1
    3. c) Undefined
    4. d) Error

14. Which logic gate has an output that is true if and only if exactly one of its inputs is true?

    1. a) AND
    2. b) OR
    3. c) XOR
    4. d) NOT

15. How many inputs does an XOR gate have?

    1. a) 1
    2. b) 2
    3. c) 3
    4. d) 4

16. What is the main advantage of using flip-flops in digital circuits?

    1. a) They can store multiple bits of data
    2. b) They can perform arithmetic operations
    3. c) They can synchronize data transfer
    4. d) They can generate clock signals

17. In a digital system, what is the purpose of a decoder?

    1. a) To convert binary data into a digital signal
    2. b) To convert analog data into digital data
    3. c) To convert binary data into a specific output code
    4. d) To convert digital data into an analog signal

18. Which logic gate has an output that is true if and only if all of its inputs are false?

    1. a) AND
    2. b) OR
    3. c) XOR
    4. d) NOT

19. What is the primary function of a multiplexer in digital electronics?

    1. a) To combine multiple signals into one
    2. b) To split one signal into multiple outputs
    3. c) To invert the input signal
    4. d) To amplify the input signal

20. Which type of logic gate is represented by the following truth table?

    
    A  B  |  Y
    ------|---
    0  0  |  0
    0  1  |  1
    1  0  |  1
    1  1  |  0
    

    1. a) AND
    2. b) OR
    3. c) NAND
    4. d) XOR

21. What is the output of a NAND gate if both inputs are 1?

    1. a) 0
    2. b) 1
    3. c) Undefined
    4. d) Error

22. Which logic gate has an output that is true if and only if all of its inputs are true?

    1. a) AND
    2. b) OR
    3. c) XOR
    4. d) NOT

23. What is the function of an encoder in digital electronics?

    1. a) To convert analog data into digital data
    2. b) To convert binary data into a specific output code
    3. c) To combine multiple signals into one
    4. d) To split one signal into multiple outputs

24. Which logic gate has an output that is true if and only if all of its inputs are true?

    1. a) AND
    2. b) OR
    3. c) XOR
    4. d) NOT

25. Which of the following is not a characteristic of digital circuits?

    1. a) High accuracy
    2. b) Low noise
    3. c) High speed
    4. d) Continuous range of values